1st DEFINITIVE PROPOSAL
THESIS/ PROJECT
An Investigation; What Role Drawing Play in the
Cognitive Development of Pakistani Primary School Children
1 PROJECT DESCRIPTION
Drawing enhances cognitive skills because it helps to increase
learning difficulties, social and perceptional skills, memory development, and
also allows children to gain self-awareness (Hina 2010). Drawing contributes to
the personal and creative development of mainstream for kids and promotes
social, vocational habits with esthetic and academic skills such as;
perceptual-motor skills and innovative concepts and provides a unique
experience with concrete materials besides reinforcing the school's general
goals (Hina 2010).
"The development of
the creative power in all children could blossom, with neutral law's (Razzak
2011)." As an art teacher and researcher, meaningful learning can be
encouraged in children's creativity and expressions, and it can create balance
with the insightful learning process, by a skilful teacher. In the late 70s,
during my primary schooling, teachers used to teach us more than seven subjects
like science, mathematics, and languages, including drawing once in a week, and
I receive all this from class 6th to 9th, primary to
secondary level. The methods followed by the approved curriculum from the Sindh
textbook board and bureau of curriculum Sindh, Pakistan, where always a
teacher, dictate the tentative plan of the whole year of drawing subject. It
was a mandatory part of the education, and there was a specific teacher called
a drawing master. That drawing class was most fundamental to teach us a good
understanding of the tools of drawing and sub, subjects of the picture, like
geometry, calligraphy, still-life drawing, rendering, and introduction to
colors, graphite, pencils, and different art and drawing tools.
As Pakistan is amongst
the developed countries and description of the stage of development of children
drawing subject curriculum, it needs to revise. It is argued that recent
studies of this subject rejected by education policymaker due to a misconception,
the significance of drawing subjects for cognitive development, and the
creative growth of Pakistani school kids. The thinking direction of policymaker
based on a professional level is very critical that drawing is rarely used as a
tool of learning in Pakistan. Because of all the science, engineering,
technology, and math subjects are considered as a professional field has scope
and future. Today's parents and educational authorities of Pakistan cannot
think that drawing is a vital source of expression for the cognitive
development of Pakistani primary school children. Currently, this is considered
a hobby, not a subject.
2 KEY RESEARCH QUESTION
Why is teaching
children to draw not a more an important part of the curriculum for primary
school children in Pakistan?
3 PROJECT AIM/ PURPOSE
This research aim is
focused on drawing practice at the primary school level, examining the
cognitive development of Pakistani children through available literature and
education policies. The purpose of this research is to analyze the significance
of drawing and critically reviewing the situation of past and present regarding
the inclusion of drawing as a subject in Pakistan's national education system.
4 PROJECT OBJECTIVES
· To analyze the art curriculum and educational policies
of Pakistani primary education critically. And to study the broader context of
drawing education in cognitive development through literature.
· To investigate how drawing education exchange overtime
in Pakistan and what are the reasons behind the changes.
· What type of art practices implemented for cognitive
development in primary education and conduct an art workshop for the study, how
drawing is helpful in creative development for primary school children.
· To evaluate why drawing is so important and why kids
should be taught the skill at primary school level and to find the existing
teaching and learning methods in drawing as a creative practice in Pakistan.
5 PROJECT TYPE
This study is based on
educational research.
6 CONTEXT
Through reviewing the
literature, "The Changing Function of Art Education in Pakistan by Alan
Peshkin. 1964, and Art Education in Pakistan: A case study of bringing art to
school children at the informal level by Prof. Sajida Haider Vandal.2004",
the study described and analyzed the changes that have taken place in art
education of elementary and secondary levels in Pakistan. The government
ignores the art education on a primary level due to unawareness about the
subject of the drawing. The conventional methodology of teaching imposed by
untrained teachers. In this context, the fall practices are taken place in
primary art education on the decision-maker mindset. According to Peshkin.1964
"government is not to fashioned with drawing subject, that why it is implicated
in the curriculum."
The study of drawing
subject trimmed in primary education because the policymakers do not know the
signification of the cognitive development at the fundamental level, and since
from 1947 to onwards, art education at the elementary and secondary level is
clearly a second class citizen among the educational subject. In the current
situation, the quality of art education in government based schools varies
quite dramatically; there is variation in art education by the teachers due to
the absence of an unauthentic curriculum, and there is no examination system in
the subject of drawing, and small practices are there at the primary level.
These schools are required to follow the syllabi prescribed by the provincial
and municipalities or other local bodies. Whereas Federal Govt has almost no
art education as part of the curriculum, therefore primary children are rarely
experiencing the visual aesthetic within the schools. As Vandal.2004
highlighted, the private school education system as "private schools
follow an independent path and train students to take the O & A level
examination or other foreign exams such as the American high school
diploma." These schools are very limited in the overall country
perspective. Teaching art as required by the examination system and syllabus
being followed by the government school (Peshkin.1964 & Vandal.2004).
7 METHODOLOGY
This study is based on
educational research and will be investigating the role of drawing
play in the cognitive development of Pakistani primary school children through
Literature Review and the Participants-oriented Approach.
Literature Review
This method will help to
critically analyze, examine and find out the available literature in the form
of history and changes in drawing education, curriculum, and educational
policies in Pakistan's primary education system from 1947 to
onwards.
Participants-oriented
Approach
The
participants-oriented approach method will be based on Online classroom activities with selected primary school
children and telephone discussions, interviews with art teachers and
experts. The several online/telephone discussions and interviews between the
art teachers, educationists and experts will be arranged, and all of the
stakeholders will be informed about the purpose of these meetings, and some
preliminary analysis methods will be discussed to them. All the participants
will be from the Government Primary School, Sindh University Colony Jamshoro,
Mehran Public School, MUET, Jamshoro, and Government Primary School, Sindh
University Housing Society Jamshoro, which are the Government Primary School in
Pakistan. Their response to the subject matter will be recorded in the form of
questionnaires, interviews, and discussion on their understanding of
the role of drawing play in the cognitive development of Pakistani primary
school children. Furthermore, all the data will be recorded through different
Medias such as; audio and photography. The audio-recorded interviews will be
transcribed into English transcriptions that will be recorded in Pakistan's
native languages such as "Sindhi and Urdu."
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